Insurance is a way to help people afford healthcare. You (or your employer or the government) pay monthly into a pool of money. That money pays for your doctor visits, tests, prescriptions, and more after you meet your deductible. Insurance also covers many types of preventative care at no cost to you—such as yearly check-ups, vaccines, blood pressure screenings, cancer screenings, and more. These services are intended to keep you healthy and reduce long-term costs.
PPO (Preferred Provider Organization):
-More flexible: You can see almost any provider.
-You don’t need a referral for a specialist.
-You can go outside your network, but it will cost more.
HMO (Health Maintenance Organization):
-Less flexible: You must stay in-network.
-You need a referral to see a specialist.
-Usually cheaper premiums and copays.
Premium: Monthly amount paid to have insurance (might be paid by you or an employer/government).
Deductible: Amount you pay before insurance starts paying (example: $1,500/year).
Copay: Flat fee you pay at time of service (example: $25 doctor visit).
Out-of-network: A provider who doesn’t take your insurance – usually much more expensive.
In-network: A provider your insurance will help pay for.
Private Pay: You pay the entire bill yourself, no insurance. Ask about self-pay discounts, payment plans,
and upfront pricing. Many providers will work with you if you are honest and ask.
Sliding Scale Fees: Some providers will lower the cost of services based on your income. You must usually provide proof of income (like check stubs or benefit letters). Ask them directly: “Do you offer a sliding scale?”

This project is funded under a grant contract with the
State of Tennessee Department of Mental Health
and Substance Abuse Services.